The Distribution of Power in Exchange Networks - Theory and Experimental Results

Cook, Karen S., Richard M. Emerson, Mary R. Gillmore, and Toshio Yamagishi. 1983. β€œThe Distribution of Power in Exchange Networks: Theory and Experimental Results.” American Journal of Sociology 89 (2): 275–305. https://www.jstor.org/stable/2779142.

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"Furthermore, the devices we use to represent networks-such as points, lines, edges, and geodesics-and the concepts we use to describe network properties-such as density, centrality, and degree of connectedness-are devoid of specific substantive meanin" (Page 276)

"Definition 1: Two exchange relations between actors A-B and actors A-C are connected to form the minimal network B-A-C to the degree that exchange in one relation is contingent on exchange (or nonexchange) in the other relation. (a) The connection is positive if exchange in one relation is contingent on exchange in the other. (b) The connection is negative if exchange in one relation is contingent on nonexchange in the other." (Page 277)